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  • ALLIES PLEDGE MUTUAL ASSISTANCE

    London, England · April 13, 1939 Following the Nazi occupation of Czecho­slo­va­kia’s Ger­man-speaking Sude­ten­land in Octo­ber 1938 and the in­va­sion and in­cor­po­ra­tion of the rest of Czecho­slo­va­kia into the Reich in mid-March 1939, Great Brit­ain, France, Poland, Greece, and Roma­nia entered into mutu­al assist­ance pacts in case of a mili­tary in­va­sion by “a Euro­pean power,”…

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    Nazi Paris: The History of an Occupation, 1940-1944

    CHOICE OUTSTANDING ACADEMIC TITLE 2009

    “…an essential book. It provides precise facts and figures for many issues that have heretofore been presented in impressionistic terms.” · The International History Review

    Basing his extensive research into hitherto unexploited archival documentation on both sides of the Rhine, Allan Mitchell has uncovered the inner workings of the German military regime from the Wehrmacht’s triumphal entry into Paris in June 1940 to its ignominious withdrawal in August 1944. Although mindful of the French experience and the fundamental issue of collaboration, the author concentrates on the complex problems of occupying a foreign territory after a surprisingly swift conquest. By exploring in detail such topics as the regulation of public comportment, economic policy, forced labor, culture and propaganda, police activity, persecution and deportation of Jews, assassinations, executions, and torture, this study supersedes earlier attempts to investigate the German domination and exploitation of wartime France. In doing so, these findings provide an invaluable complement to the work of scholars who have viewed those dark years exclusively or mainly from the French perspective.

  • AUSCHWITZ GASSING HALTED

    Auschwitz-Birkenau, Occupied Poland · October 30, 1944 On this date in 1944 in Poland, the last murders by poison gas took place at the Nazis’ largest and argu­ably most in­famous death camp, Auschwitz-Birkenau (Polish, Oświęcim), one of eight camps used for mass murder during World War II. (Six were in what is today’s Poland, one…

  • HITLER ORDERS CONQUEST OF NEUTRAL DENMARK, NORWAY

    Berlin, Germany • April 9, 1940 On this date in 1940 German land, sea, air, and spe­cial­ized forces advanced over­land into Den­mark and attacked vari­ous points along Norway’s coast from the air and sea. Earlier in the year, on Janu­ary 27, the German High Com­mand (Ober­kom­mando der Wehr­macht, OKW) had estab­lished a task force to orches­trate…

  • PARIS PARALYZED ON EVE OF LIBERATION

    Paris, Occupied France · August 10, 1944 On August 1, 1944, almost two months after the initial D-Day landings in Nor­mandy, France, more than 14,000 per­son­nel and equip­ment from Gen. Philippe Leclerc’s Free French 2nd Armored Divi­sion began landing on Utah Beach. Leclerc (1902–1947) juggled three roles: He was a sub­ordi­nate divi­sional com­mander in an Amer­i­can…

  • HITLER FIXES DATE FOR BARBAROSSA

    Berlin, Germany · May 12, 1941 On this date in 1941, two days after Deputy Reich Fuehrer Rudolf Hess had em­barked on his his­toric “peace mis­sion” to Eng­land, Adolf Hitler finally con­firmed June 22 as the start date for Oper­a­tion Barba­rossa, the inva­sion of the Soviet Union. Among Hitler’s goals was the eradi­ca­tion of the “Jewish Bol­shevik”…